Corporate Law for Darwin Developments - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Talk about theCorporate Lawfor Darwin Property Developments. Answer: The conversation of the contextual investigation is as for Darwin Property Developments Pty Limited Company. The people associated with this case are three chiefs in particular Feng, Qiyuan and Linda. Feng and Qiyuan were siblings who had begun the business. Linda was a piece of the bookkeeping firm run by her and Qiyuan. The first organization was organization who created property (Knepper et al., 2016). They likewise worked an effective waterfront café that served fish. The portions of the organization were similarly separated among the three investors. The absolute number of offers that were given in the organization was 6000 conventional offers. The three investors held 2000 offers each. The offers were completely paid. According to the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth), there are rules of the organization which the chiefs of an organization need to stick to. The investors of the organization are cherished with the option to guarantee for the monetary records of the organization and data relating to singular offers the investor has in the organization. According to the contextual investigation it tends to be deduced that Feng is both the investor just as executive of the case association. Consequently preceding leaving the situation of chief, he has the privilege to do whatever he wishes concerning the offers that he holds in the organization (Laster and Zeberkiewicz, 2015). For this situation Linda and Qiyuan can't deny Feng from practicing his privileges of a chief and an investor. Henceforth there are sure consolidated privileges of the executives according to the arrangements of the Corporations Act 2001. According to area 249 U of the Corporations Act 2001, the executives reserve the privilege to cho ose a person to be administrator for holding gatherings of the organization. According to area 1072F of the Corporations Act 2001, the executives are given the option to reject enlistment of move of companys shares (Hiller, 2013). This can be conceivable if the portions of the organization are not completely paid and in the event that the organization holds lien over the offers. The chiefs additionally hold option to settle on choices in regards to the profit paid to the investors of the organization. They reserve the option to bring down the pace of profit if circumstance grants. The executives are likewise given the option to choose or delegate the overseeing chief of the organization. In the current case Feng has the option to take subsidiary activities against different chiefs of the organization. This is on the grounds that he is both an investor just as executive of the organization. In the limit of an executive of the organization, Feng has the privilege to sue both the chiefs of the organization for extortion and distortion caused to him under the Misrepresentation Act, 1972. Feng had quick need of monetary assistance because of his wifes demise. As an executive he reserved the privilege to offer his piece of the offers to recuperate the returns (Clark Jr and Babson, 2011). Anyway the executives of the organization had wrongly negated the arrangements of the Corporations Act 2001 by declining to permit him to sell his offers. In addition it is known from the situation that a lot of cash was taken from the case association by the other two chiefs to fund their private bookkeeping firm. This is a fake action and they are at risk to be sued by Feng. There are su re rights which Feng holds inside the organization in the limit of a part and investor of the organization (Lan and Heracleous, 2010). In this way according to the Corporations Act 2001, Feng is qualified for certain individual privileges of a part. According to these rights, when there deceitful and poor administration happening inside an organization, at that point the individuals reserve the option to stop or forestall the fumble and deceitfulness by recording argument against the executives of the organization. This privilege is additionally appropriate on account of Feng. The segment 232 (2) and (3) of the Corporations Act 2001 and the segment 229 of the Companies Act 1981 is appropriate for talking about the obligations and liabilities of the executives of an organization. These obligations are guardian in nature or depend on components of sincere trust, trust and certainty (Lacovara, 2011). Consequently according to these obligations, the chiefs should do their obligations in a genuine way with no component of deceitful and untrustworthy aim. From the parts of the case situation plainly Linda and Qiyuan have negated the above arrangements of organization law. As per subsection 2 of segment 232 of the Corporations Act 2001 different executives of DBD can be punished as much as $ 20,000 for making misrepresentation and misdirection Feng and they can likewise confront a term of detainment for a long time. Linda and Qiyuan had neglected to practice their obligation to fare thee well and being tenacious towards the individuals and investors of the organi zation. Along these lines Feng is qualified for specific cures so he can determine money to take care of his monetary issues. The subordinate activities are genuine for Feng to practice since there has been no security of organization interests. The executives were acting in a deceitful way. They were botching the organization and were making abuse Feng by declining to permit him to sell his offers (Becker and Strmberg, 2012). Anyway this is unlawful. According to area 1072F of the Corporations Act 2001, the portions of the organization have been completely settled up. Different executives of the organization, Linda and Qiyuan don't reserve the privilege to decline Feng to move his offers (Aier et al., 2014). Additionally according to executives rights, they can diminish the pace of profit when conditions call for. Anyway they have obviously would not give the profits to the investors of the organization by refering to the necessity of the reserve for the future improvement of the o rganization. According to the fourth timetable of guideline of the Australian Securities and Investments Commission, the companys individuals are qualified for infer 5% or 1/twentieth of the offers in the organization. In this way according to the arrangements of the Corporations Act, Feng is an investor of DBD and he is entiltled to guarantee certain rights. He has the privilege to request records of his offers from different chiefs of the organization. In the current case, Feng has been denied from practicing his privilege of directorship and investor of DBD. Along these lines he has each option to document a suit against the defaulting chiefs of the organization (Fairfax, 2013). The executives have obviously repudiated area 180(1) of the Corporations Act 2001. They have neglected to exercise to a sensible level the obligations of care and constancy. The fourth calendar of the guidelines of the ASIC under the Corporations Act 2001 can be conjured by Feng on the off chance that he tries to practice his privileges of an investor and chief of the organization. According to segment 180(1) of the Act, he can guarantee that the executives had neglected to practice their obligation to sensibly act in a cautious and steady way. He can sue different executives for example Linda and Qiyuan for distorting realities and deceiving him concerning his entitlement to shares (Callison, 2012). He can likewise record argument against the executives for blundering and abusing Feng. He has been terribly denied from his privileges. In this manner he is entitled take certain activities which he can start according to the arrangements of the organization laws of Australia. He has away from of getting accomplishment as there are different grounds accessible to him to guarantee cures (Richardson, 2011). He can guarantee that different necessities of ASIC have been spurned by the chiefs of the organization which is in repudiation to the arrangements of the Corporations Act 2001. The chiefs of the organization are having the legal obligation to care for the rights and interests of the investors and individuals from the organization. Outcomes of penetrate of executives obligations can be seen inside the arrangements of Corporations Act 2001. There are sure legal arrangements to be clung to for expelling an executive of an organization according to the organization law arrangements of Australia. There ought to be a unique goals to expel executives of the organization. The organization for this situation had obviously neglected to hold fast to this arrangement (Velasco, 2012). The organization had plainly neglected to follow the auxiliary prerequisites of the organization laws. It is significant that the chiefs of the organization deliver off the profits out of the benefits to the investors. In the event that they keep on holding the profit cash with themselves, the investors reserve the privilege to guarantee charges of misrepresentation against the organization. References Aier, J. K., Chen, L., Pevzner, M. (2014). Debtholders interest for conservatism: Evidence from changes in executives trustee duties.Journal of Accounting Research,52(5), 993-1027. Becker, B., Strmberg, P. (2012). Trustee obligations and value debtholder conflicts.Review of Financial Studies,25(6), 1931-1969. Callison, J. W. (2012). Putting New Sheets on a Procrustean Bed: How Benefit Corporations Address Fiduciary Duties, the Dangers Created, and Suggestions for Change.Am. U. Transport. L. Rev.,2, 85. Clark Jr, W. H., Babson, E. K. (2011). How advantage enterprises are rethinking the motivation behind business corporations.Wm. Mitchell L. Rev.,38, 817. Fairfax, L. M. (2013). Sue on Pay: Say on Pay's Impact on Directors' Fiduciary Duties.Ariz. L. Rev.,55, 1. Hiller, J. S. (2013). The advantage enterprise and corporate social responsibility.Journal of Business Ethics,118(2), 287-301. Knepper, W. E., Bailey, D. A., Bowman, K. B., Eblin, R. L., Lane, R. S. (2016).Duty of Loyalty(Vol. 1). Risk of Corporate Officers and Directors. Lacovara, C. (2011). Abnormal animals: A cross breed way to deal with guardian obligation in advantage corporations.Colum. Transport. L. Fire up., 815. Lan, L. L., Heracleous, L. (2010). Reconsidering organization hypothesis: The view from law.Academy of Management Review,35(2), 294-314. Laster, J. T., Zeberkiewicz, J. M. (2015). The rights and obligations of blockholder directors.Bus. Law.,70, 33-54. Richardson, B. J. (2011). From trustee obligations to guardian connections for socially capable

Rose For Emily :: essays research papers

A Rose for Emily By: none (William Faulkner) in the midst of trouble, injury and uncertainly, numerous individuals discover a solace in recognizable environmental factors, where they can finish off the world and unwind. This was unquestionably Emily’s method of taking care of her injury. For her entire life Emily attempted to escape from change. Indeed, even the posting of the new letter drop was unsatisfactory for her. She went about just as nothing around her had changed as long as she can remember. Despite the fact that demise and misfortune influenced her, she appeared to attempt to abstain from pondering it. Emily can't adjust her conventions in present day times. In any case, the underlying foundations of her catastrophe lay in the reality, that neither can the individuals who encompass her in the town. In the story, Faulkner presents us with a miserable story of a desolate lady, who is just met with frustration and melancholy as she continued looking for adoration. Emil y was a desolate lady. Miss Emily originated from an amazing family. She had encountered a controlling affection from her dad. That adoration just requested that she submit to his guidelines and his desire for her in the course of his life. Her admirers were totally sent away by her dad. In the wake of neglecting to wed, she lost the main individual who was her family, her dad. After her dad kicked the bucket, she met Homer Barron, a Yankee, who was in the development business in the town. At last she had somebody to adore. They dated and potentially were content with one another, yet the conventions, customs and partialities of the South destined this undertaking to end. She was unable to permit this. Emily couldn't have lived with Homer, yet she was unable to free him, her solitary love. So she harmed him with arsenic. She required somebody to cherish her unceasingly, and somebody to adore. She didn't have any relatives to love and sustain, to go to for affection or backing. The c ouple of relatives she had thought she was insane, however they were much progressively glad for their situation in the general public. They denied her relationship with Homer. They pushed her to do what she did. The town, the family, all the individuals were against her affection. She was unable to have Homer alive. This is the reason she executed him. Along these lines he was hers, solitary hers, eternity: â€Å"Then we saw that in the subsequent cushion was a space of a head.

How to Reduce Avoidance in PTSD

How to Reduce Avoidance in PTSD PTSD Coping Print How to Reduce Avoidance in PTSD By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on June 24, 2019 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children Martin Dimitrov / Getty Images Learning how to reduce avoidance in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be an important part of PTSD treatment. Avoidance can be a central symptom of PTSD. Avoidance often occurs as a result of someone trying to limit contact with triggers for anxiety, fear, or memories and thoughts about a traumatic event. This is understandable as these emotions and thoughts can be incredibly distressing. However, not all situations, people, or places can be avoided. And triggers also can present themselves unexpectedly. They are all around. In addition, avoidance only works for a short time. Over the long haul, avoidance generally becomes more severe and it can cause your PTSD symptoms to worsen. As a result, avoidance is a symptom of PTSD that can greatly interfere with the quality of your life. How to Reduce Your Avoidance Behavior Breaking down avoidance behavior is not an easy thing to do. However, there are steps you can take to start reducing your avoidance behavior now. Follow the steps below and start taking back your life from your PTSD symptoms. Spend a week monitoring your behavior. Pay attention to what situations, people or places trigger your PTSD symptoms and lead to avoidance behavior. Write down as much information as you can about what it was in your environment that triggered avoidance and what you did to avoid the situation.At the end of the week, on a new sheet of paper, make three columns. In the first column, write down the numbers 0 through 10. These numbers are going to refer to your level of fear or distress associated with being in a certain situation. In the second column, organize the situations, people, or places that you avoid based on the level of fear or distress that they cause for you. You can have more than one situation, person, or place for each number. What you are doing here is essentially creating a fear hierarchy (as is done in exposure therapy for PTSD). In the final column, write down specific behaviors you can engage in to start approaching these situations. It is important that you dont ju st write down the opposite of the avoidance behavior. For example, if you wrote down in the second column that you avoid going to the grocery store due to fears of large crowds, you dont want to just write down in the third column, Go to the grocery store. It is not that easy. Instead, write down a series of behaviors that you can engage in that will allow you to slowly start approaching feared situations. For example, if you fear going to the grocery store, you might first write down, Drive to the grocery store and sit in the parking lot. Once you are successful with that step, you might then move to going into the store for just 5 minutes. Once successful with that step, you might then go shopping for 20 minutes during a time when the store is not busy, and so on. Break down all of your approach behaviors into concrete, well-defined steps.Once you have your list completed, start at the bottom of the list (with situations listed as causing zero fear or distress) and begin tackling those situations. Take your time. There is no rush. Once you feel as though you have accomplished a situation, move on to the next one. With each step, you will slowly build up your confidence and the easier it will become. Some Points to Consider It is important that you make sure you practice anxiety-reduction coping techniques when engaging in this exercise. It is very important that you do not avoid while doing these exercises. If you notice that your anxiety spikes during the exercise, stay in the situation and use healthy coping skills to allow the anxiety to naturally reduce on its own. It may also be helpful to start doing these exercises with a friend or source of support. However, you dont always want to have someone with you when you do these exercises. Doing so may prevent you from feeling as though you can approach situations on your own. If you arent initially successful in approaching a situation  dont give up. Breaking down avoidance behavior is a very difficult thing to do and it can take some time. If you get stuck on a certain step, try to break down the approach behavior into even smaller steps. The most important thing is that you keep trying. Even a little forward progress can have a tremendous impact on your life. Finally, when you have fully approached a situation that you used to avoid, make sure you reward yourself. Overcoming avoidance behavior is not an easy thing to do. Therefore, it is important to recognize your accomplishment.

Review Of The Little Kids - 1478 Words

The Little Kids Robert and Bessie’s little kids, Teck and Vern, attended the same college where they each studied for and obtained teaching degrees. Mindful of the need to earn money for tuition during the summer months, Vern, Teck, and Bonnie, a college friend of theirs, journeyed to Minneapolis, where they could apply for summer work at Glacier National Park. They received an interview from a park representative that just happened to be an alumnus of their college. The representative hired the three coeds for a job at which they would each earn $17.35 in a two-week pay period as laundresses. Delighted by the prospect of working at Glacier National Park, they accepted the job offer and reported to work as scheduled. While at Glacier, the three collegians earned additional money by volunteering to work extra hours as substitute waitresses, a job at which they obtained a good share of their compensation through tips. On one occasion, while serving three elderly ladies, Vern spilled most of their soup on the way to the table. Since she considered elderly ladies poor tippers, she didn’t bother to replenish the soup and served them the partially filled bowls. She regretted her misdeed when each of the ladies left her a quarter, huge tips in that era. During their time off from the laundry, if they couldn’t obtain work as waitresses, the three coeds hitchhiked around the park to view and marvel at nature’s wonders. At the conclusion of the summer, they hoped to saveShow MoreRelatedFoster Care and Its Effects Essay1283 Words   |  6 Pagesup in the foster care system year after year. Their hardships influence them to feel really depressed and stoic. Many people do not read a utobiographies, but the book, Three Little Words by Ashley Rhodes-Courter teaches people about the complications of a first-hand foster child, how the foster care system is, and book reviews of famous authors and well-known magazines, as well. The story gives hope to people who believe there is no way out anymore, and it influences upon the world’s culture greatlyRead MoreEssay about Social-Psychological Principles of the Movie Unforgiven1333 Words   |  6 Pagespsychologically analyze them. There are many different principles that would be applicable to the film we are discussing however, I have chosen to analyze three scenes discussing altruism, self-fulfilling prophecy, and counterfactual thinking. 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They debated keeping it as â€Å"one story to a page, just a little book of little stories,† but soon realized that, without the turn of a page during a story, the reader is easily bored (13). Instead, they allowed the stories to begin and end naturally in the bookâ €™s layout. â€Å"Pumpkins† is a complicated story by FrancineRead MoreThe Importance Of A Time For A Persons Day1338 Words   |  6 Pagesactivities. Do not forget to review the chart after completion; this is very crucial. This time chart lays out a step-by-step approach to the day. It also helps to remind me how long I have to complete a task before having to move on to something else. It keeps me from forgetting an important meeting at school, reminds me of an upcoming doctor’s appointment, or guards me from missing important deadlines for homework. This time chart is very useful. 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The Bell Jar By Sylvia Plath - 1329 Words

Sylvia Plath’s novel, â€Å"The Bell Jar†, tells what it is like to be depressed and contemplate taking your own life. Sylvia Plath actually did committed suicide. Throughout this story, there was one thought that kept running through my head with every detail she described. As I read the story, I continued to focus harder and harder about a friend of mine. I have had this friend since elementary school and she is very much like Esther Greenwood. I was able to understand Esther’s thoughts and feelings at certain points of the novel through this previous experience. The novel starts out with Esther getting the opportunity of a lifetime to work for a fashion magazine. She gets to live in a fancy hotel. She gets glamourous clothes and expensive gifts, but she does not enjoy any of these luxuries. Esther, instead of making this the time of her life, describes herself as being â€Å"very still and very empty, the way the eye of a tornado must feel, moving dul ly along in the middle of the surrounding hullabaloo†(3). In the beginning, I was unable to understand her feelings because I would love to live in a hotel and get glamourous clothes and gifts, but then I started thinking about my friend and I began to understand Esther better. The experiences I have had with my friend have helped me to connect to Esther s problems. My friend always feels trapped and judged. She always feels like there is some great expectation that she has to achieve. This pressure that she puts onShow MoreRelatedThe Bell Jar, by Sylvia Plath1318 Words   |  6 Pageswe live. Many authors who seek this understanding fall short of their expectations and find themselves questioning life to an even greater extent than they had prior to their endeavors. One example of this would be author and poet Sylvia Plath, whose novel The Bell Jar parallels the tragic events that occurred throughout her own life. This coming-of-age story follows the life of Esther, a very bright and introverted student from Boston. She spends a month in New York City as a contest-winning juniorRead MoreThe Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath1211 Words   |  5 PagesOn January 14th of 1963, Sylvia Plath had finally completed The Bell Jar after approximately two years of writing. This novel could have been considered a partial autobiography, because the main character Esther Greenwood eerily represents Sylvia Plath. There are a number of references to Plath’s real life throughout the book, too many for it to be considered a mere coincidence. Within the story, Esther Greenwood considers and attempts suicide quite frequently. 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In The Bell Jar, Sylvia Plath uses parallelism, stream of consciousness, the motif of renewal and rebirth, symbolism of the boundary-driven entrapped mentally ill, and auto-biographical details to epitomize the mental downfall of protagonist, Esther Greenwood. Plath also explores the idea of how grave these timeless and poignant issues can affect a fragileRead MoreThe Bell Jar By Sylvia Plath1099 Words   |  5 PagesThe Bell Jar by: Sylvia Plath Depression is a serious topic throughout the world, especially in America. Depression can result in someone feeling completely alone. There is no direct cause for depression in adolescents, but it can be brought on by the maturing process, stress from failure in some sort, a traumatic or disturbing event such as death, or even a break up. Sure, everyone has an off day here and there, where they feel like they shouldn’t even bother getting out bed in the morning, butRead More The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath1820 Words   |  7 PagesIdentity is fragile and is a characteristic that every person must discover without hiding behind inexperience’s and excluding themselves from the outside world of reality or else their own personal bell jar will suffocate them alive. The Bell Jar, a semi-autobiographical novel written by Sylvia Plath portrays how a young woman with too many identities and unrealistic expectations overwhelms herself to the point that she contemplates and attem pts suicide multiple times. Esther Greenwood, a young collegeRead MoreThe Bell Jar By Sylvia Plath942 Words   |  4 Pagesdevelopment of her relationship with many characters in the novel, The Bell Jar. Esther is mentally and emotionally different than a majority of the people in her community. As a result of this state, she often has difficulty taking criticism to heart. Her depression continues to build throughout the novel as she remains in the asylum. It does not help that she has no aid from her loved ones. In the novel, The Bell Jar, Sylvia Plath utilizes the relationships that Esther shares with Buddy Willard MrsRead MoreThe Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath1554 Words   |  6 Pagestrials and triumphs in their personal life, their relationships with others and their surroundings. In the Bell Jar, Sylvia Plath explores the role of women in society in 1950s New York City through her relationships and interactions. Esther Greenwood is the major character and is therefore central to the novel. The book is considered to be a â€Å"roman a` clef† portraying the painful summer of Sylvia Plath’s psychotic breakdown in 1953, and contains â€Å"thinly disguised portraits of her family and friends†Read MoreThe Bell Jar By Sylvia Plath1274 Words   |  6 Pagesnovel The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath the prime character, Esther Greenwood, struggles to handle life in her own skin. She feels as though she is trapped in a glass bell jar with no escape because of her incapability to comprehend herself. For example, in chapter one Plath states, â€Å"‘My name s Elly Higginbottom,’ I said. ‘I come from Chicago.’ After that I felt safer. I didn t want anything I said or did that night to be associated with me and my real name and coming from Boston† (Plath 11). 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Detailed Proposal Of Project Engineering Essay Free Essays

string(77) " characteristics make this type of motor preferred for in many applications\." The end of this research is to plan and analysis of 3-phase brushless lasting magnet ( PM ) motor. Brushless PM motors become an involvement as it widely used in robotics, automotive, machine tools, high-performance industry applications and assortment of industrial application. The chief grounds why brushless PM machines are so widely used due to their high efficiency and torsion denseness which are higher to that of initiation, switched reluctance and synchronal reluctance machines. We will write a custom essay sample on Detailed Proposal Of Project Engineering Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The undertaking will affect two chief stages: the designing of the machine utilizing Finite Element Analysis and the analysis of the simulation consequence. Simulation survey can greatly ease to planing the machine while maintaining the desired hardware facet in head. The intentional machine should be capable to run into public presentation specification such as high-octane denseness, high efficiency and low cogging torsion. Torque denseness and back EMF are two of the most important parametric quantity to be determined in brushless machine design, alterations in weaving agreement, slot and pole figure will potentially impact the back EMF, and torsion derived for the brushless PM motor. To run into the demand, some issue need to be see such as choice of pole figure, weaving agreement, rotor topology, motor form, lasting magnet stuff and machines size. C ( three ) Detailed proposal of undertaking: ( a ) Problem statement *motivation The design of brushless PM motors is non a simple undertaking. By and large, cognition of magnetisms, electronics, mechanics, thermodynamics and material scientific discipline is required. Therefore, the electrical and mechanical relationships are of import and should be taken into history in planing the brushless PM motor. Torque denseness and back EMF are two of the most important parametric quantity to be determined in brushless machine design. Changes in weaving agreement, slot and pole figure will potentially impact the cardinal relationships such magnetomotive force ( MMF ) , back EMF, and torsion derived for the brushless PM motor. For these grounds, it is of import to plan a machine with less parasitic torsion, to guarantee it will bring forth smooth mechanical rotary motion. ( B ) Objective ( s ) of the Undertaking Design and analysis of 3-phase brushless lasting magnet motor are the purposes of the research. The machine should be capable to run into public presentation specification such as high-octane denseness, high efficiency, low cogging torsion and flux-weakening capablenesss. To accomplish these purposes, the aims of this research are formulated as follows: To measure a 3-phase brushless PM motor with attendant pole and inset-mounted lasting magnet rotor. To look into the parasitic consequence presence in the machine. To execute the simulation survey for the design utilizing Finite Element Analysis. ( degree Celsius ) Project Scope This research covers the analysis, design and development of rotational 3-phase brushless lasting magnet ( PM ) motors. Brushless PM motors can be divided into the PM synchronal AC motor ( PMSM ) and PM brushless DC motor ( PM BDCM ) , depending on the back EMF wave form. The stuffs recited in this research undertaking accent on brushless PM synchronal motor with sinusoidal back EMF and are driven by sinusoidal currents. Radial-flux laminated motors are considered since this constitute are the most common form of brushless PM motors. This undertaking is focuses more on electromagnetic and mechanical design alternatively of thermic facets. Rotor topology in this research undertaking was confined to two types, which is inset lasting magnet and attendant pole rotor. 2-D Finite Element Analysis will be used to make a genuinely customized mold of motor construction and to look into the behavior of the designed motor. ( vitamin D ) Literature Review Presently, the brushless PM motors offer an attractive solution in the assortment of application due to their high efficiency and power denseness. All brushless PM motors are constructed with electrical twists on the stator and lasting magnets on the rotor [ 1 ] . Since merely the stator holding spiral, this motor has solved the job on the motor with brunch. Lack of coppice and commutator in these motor lead to no mechanical contact, therefore, can cut down clash, increases dependability, and decreases the cost of care. Brushless PM motors can be divided into two categories, which is AC or DC, depending on the back EMF wave form. PM synchronal AC motor ( PMSM ) are type of AC motor since it have a sinusoidal back EMF and are driven by sinusoidal currents. PM brushless DC motor ( PM BDCM ) with trapezoidal-induced voltage and driven by rectangular pulsation currents are categorized as DC machine. Stator twists and how the figure of bends and their agreement in the stator laminations greatly influence the cardinal relationships such as magnetomotive force ( mmf ) , back EMF, and torsion for both category of machines [ 1 ] , [ 2 ] . Brushless PM motor is like an initiation motor and all other motor that comprise of two chief portion. The non-moving portion that includes the spirals of wire is called stator and the moving or revolving portion that caries the lasting magnet is called rotor. In between rotor and stator there is an air-gap that separates the two parts. Normally, the rotor is placed inside the stator. This building is safer because the stator outside can move as a shield to the revolving portion. However, it is besides possible for the rotor to execute on the exterior of the stator. This type frequently called as exterior rotor or inside-out rotor. It proves to hold higher efficient than interior rotors [ 2 ] . Brushless PM motor can be constructed in two basic form ; radial-flux or axial-flux type. In radial-flux type, the stator twists and lasting magnets are structured radially. Therefore, the magnetic field is distributed in radial way between the stator and rotor. This type of motor is the most common form of motor and more favorable due to minimisation of electric burden caused by the presence of stator slots. For radial-flux motor, the magnetic field are going in axial way across the air-gap inside the motor. This motor resembles a battercake form. Small size and rugged building characteristics make this type of motor preferred for in many applications. You read "Detailed Proposal Of Project Engineering Essay" in category "Essay examples" In these motor, the figure of Cu used are limited caused stator twists tend to be air-gap twists. Consequently, sum of lading possibility can be confined [ 8 ] . There are many ways to put lasting magnets on the rotor [ 2 ] . Largely, there are three basic topologies of brushless PM machine. Surface-mounted lasting magnet ( SPM ) rotor has magnets mounted on the rotor surface and confronting the air spread, while interior lasting magnet ( IPM ) rotor has buried magnets inside the rotor. SPM rotors offer higher air-gap flux denseness because the magnet straight faces the air-gap. Magnetization way for this constellation is merely in radial. Disadvantages of SPM rotor constellation are lower hardiness as they are non closely fitted into the rotor laminations to their full thickness. Therefore, SPM rotors are non preferred for high-speed applications. IPM rotor is ideal for high velocity application because of the building is designed to be automatically robust. There is another type of rotor topologies referred as surface-inset rotor which is combine some advantages of both surface mounted and interior lasting magnet motors [ 7 ] . This agreeme nt is more automatically robust compared to SPM rotor as the magnets do non prominent out of the rotor laminations giving it mechanical strength from winging out [ 2 ] . Weaving agreement is one of the of import constituents to be considered in planing a brushless machine. Its agreement will find the motor back EMF whether it is sinusoidal or trapezoidal back EMF. Weaving agreements which are most normally used for 3-phase radial-flux brushless PM motor can be classified as overlapping and non-overlapping [ 3 ] . Distributed and concentrated is type of overlapping twist and frequently utilised for ac operation due to sinusoidal back EMF produced. Concentrated weaving with either all dentitions or jump dentitions wound is a type of non-overlapping twist that aim to obtain trapezoidal back EMF wave form. The right twist for a machine is really much a map of the pole figure and slot figure and whether there is single-layer or double-layer twist [ 3 ] . The type of magnet used will hold a great consequence on the motor public presentation and cost [ 3 ] . There are four categories of modern magnetic stuffs, each based on their material composing. Within each category is a group of classs with their ain magnetic belongingss. These general categories are ; Neodymium Iron Boron, Sm Co, ceramic and Alnico. Amongst the available PM stuffs, Alnico magnets can hold flux densenesss equivalent to soft magnetic chainss but they get easy demagnetized due to lower values of coercive force as compared to ceramic magnets [ 5 ] . Ceramic magnets are economical but their maximal energy denseness merchandise is low due to lower values of memory. Rare Earth and Sm Co metals have comparatively good magnetic belongingss, but they are expensive. Other than polymer bonded rare Earth magnets, for illustration, ferrite and Co based metallic magnets are physically difficult and brickle. Therefore, choice of the peculiar PM stuff is application particular ; nevertheless, Neodymium-Iron-Boron ( Nd-Fe-B ) rare earth magnets are more in demand because they provide the highest energy denseness and higher residuary flux denseness than others. ( vitamin E ) Methodology Phase 1: Literature Reappraisal Researching through books, articles, diaries and cyberspace beginnings to reexamine the design issues and technique for brushless PM motors. Find out what the available engineering in the market, and what the best attack to run into design demand. Phase 2: Design of Undertaking Modelling, and therefore simulation survey can greatly ease to planing the machine while maintaining the desired hardware facet in head. 2-D Finite Element Analysis is used for the designing. Typical design measure for brushless PM motor is: Reappraisal demands Choose the lasting magnet stuff for the rotor. Choose the soft Fe for the stator lamination. Match the mechanical parametric quantities as input to the plan ( size, volume, weight ) . Choose the figure of rotor poles and stator slots Using the package, fit the torsion and velocity demands with the electrical inputs and alter the internal motor geometry as required. Choose the twist constellation and optimize bends, wire size, and stator twist slot fill. Check the package outputs for cogency. Run other solutions changing certain parametric quantities for optimisation such as attention deficit disorder and take a twist bend, change air spread between rotor and stator, alteration magnet thickness and look into the package solutions until meet the demands and choose the best lucifer. This stage is of import to look into whether the motor can work every bit desired before implementing it on hardware. Phase 3: Analysis of the Design The end products of the simulation being observe and analyze. The simulation is to see whether the end product produced is same with coveted end product in term of velocity and torsion. Phase 4: Preparation for presentation and study authorship Preparation for the presentation for Seminar 2 and composing the study ‘s bill of exchange. Passing in of the completed thesis after presentation. ( degree Fahrenheit ) Milestones Undertaking undertaking Expected Date Literature Review Motor design and simulation Simulation proving Analysis and treatment Report composing ( g ) Mentions [ 1 ] D. C. Hanselman, Brushless Permanent Magnet Motor Design. Lebanon, OH: Magna Physics, 2006. [ 2 ] R. Krishnan, Permanent Magnet Synchronous and Brushless DC Motor Drives. Boca Raton, FL: CRC, 2010. [ 3 ] D. G. Dorrell, M.-F. Hsieh, M. Popescu, L. Evans, D. A. Staton and V. GroutA â€Å" A reappraisal of the design issues and techniques for radial-flux brushless surface and internal rare-earth lasting magnet motors † , A IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. , A 2011. [ 4 ] M. S. Ahmad, N. A. A. Manap, and D. Ishak, â€Å" Permanent magnet brushless machines with minimal difference in slot figure and pole figure, † in Proc. IEEE Int. PECon, Johor Baharu, Malaysia, Dec. 1-3, 2008, pp. 1064-1069. [ 5 ] F. Magnussen and H. Lendenmann, â€Å" Parasitic effects in PM machines with concentrated twists, † IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. , vol. 43, no. 5, pp. 1223-1232, Sep./Oct. 2007. [ 6 ] A. M. EL-Refaie, â€Å" Fractional-slot concentrated-windings synchronal lasting magnet machines: Opportunities and challenges, † IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. , vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 107-121, Jan. 2010. [ 7 ] S. Van Haute, G. Terorde, K. Hameyer and R. Belmans. Modelling and execution of a lasting magnet Synchronous motor thrust utilizing a DSP development environment. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium. [ 8 ] K. Sitapati and R. Krishnan, â€Å" Performance comparings of radial and axial field permanent-magnet, brushless machines, † IEEE Trans. Industry Appl, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 1219-1225, Sept./Oct. 2001. [ 9 ] A.M. EL-Refaie and T.M. Jahns, â€Å" Optimal flux weakening in surface PM machines utilizing fractional-slot concentrated twists, † IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. , vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 790-800, May/Jun. 2005. [ 10 ] N. Bianchi, S. Bolognani, and G. Grezzani, â€Å" Design considerations for fractional-slot weaving constellations of synchronal machines, † IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. , vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 997-1006, Jul./Aug. 2006. [ 11 ] D. Ishak, Z. Q. Zhu, and D. Howe, â€Å" Comparison of PM brushless motors, holding either all dentitions or jump dentitions lesion, † IEEE Trans. Energy Convers. , vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 95-103, Mar. 2006. [ 12 ] D. Ishak, Z. Q. Zhu, and D. Howe, â€Å" Permanent magnet brushless machines with unequal tooth breadths and similar slot and pole Numberss, † IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. , vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 584-590, Mar./Apr. 2005. [ 13 ] O Ronghai, M Aydin and T A Lipo. ‘Performance Comparison of Dualrotor Radial-flux and Axial-flux Permanent-magnet BLDC Machines ‘ . Proceedings of IEEE IEMDC’03, 2003, pp 1948-1954. [ 14 ] S Hwang, J Eom, Y Jung, Dee and B Kang. ‘Various Design Techniques to Reduce Cogging Torque by Controlling Energy Variation in Permanent Magnet Motors ‘ . Minutess on Magnetisms, vol 37, no 4, July 2001, pp 2806-2809. Calciferol ACCESS TO EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL / KEMUDAHAN SEDIA ADA UNTUK KEGUNAAN BAGI PROJEK INI Equipment Peralatan Location Tempat Tocopherol BUDGET /BELANJAWAN Please bespeak your estimated budget for this undertaking Sila nyatakan anggaran bajet bagi cadangan projek ini Budget inside informations Butiran belanjawan Amount requested by applier Jumlah yang dipohon oleh pemohon Remark by panel FYP 1 PSM 1 ( RM ) FYP 2 PSM 2 ( RM ) E ( I ) Project Materials A ; Supplies Bekalan dan Bahan Projek E ( two ) Care and Minor Repair Services Baik pulih kecil dan ubahsuai E ( three ) Professional Servicess Perkhidmatan Ikhtisas E ( six ) Accessories and Equipment Aksesori dan Peralatan Sum Sum JUMLAH BESAR F Declaration by campaigner / Akuan Calon ( Please tick ( a?s ) ) : / ( Sila tanda ( a?s ) ) : I hereby confess that: Saya dengan ini mengaku bahawa: All information stated here are accurate, Supervisor and panel has right to reject or to call off this proposal without anterior notice if there is any inaccurate information given. Semua maklumat yang diisi adalah benar, Penyelia dan panel berhak menolak permohonan atau membatalkan tawaran cadangan ini pada bila-bila Masa sekiranya keterangan yang dikemukakan adalah tidak benar. Application of this Undertaking Proposal is presented for a FYP 1 seminar. Permohonan cadangan projek projek ini dikemukakan untuk Seminar PSM 1. Date: Candidate ‘s Signature: Tarikh: Tandatangan Calon: ___________________________ Gram Recommended by FYP Supervisor Perakuan Penyelia PSM Please tick ( a?s ) Sila tandakan ( a?s ) Recommended: Diperakukan: A. Highly Recommended Sangat Disokong B. Recommended Disokong C. Not Recommended ( Please stipulate ground ) Tidak Disokong ( Sila Nyatakan Sebab ) Remarks: Ulasan: — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Name: Signature: Nama: Tandatangan: Date: Tarikh: Appendix A: Flow Chart of Project Activities Start Literature Review and stipulate demand Simulation survey and Motor design NO Simulation Testing Yes Analysis and Report Writing End Appendix B: Undertaking Schedule of Project Activities ( Gantt chart ) Undertaking undertaking Concluding Year Undertaking 1 Concluding Year Undertaking 2 Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr Japanese apricot Jun Literature Review and theory apprehension Motor design and simulation Simulation proving Analysis and treatment Report composing Appendix C: TURNITIN Report must be attached How to cite Detailed Proposal Of Project Engineering Essay, Essay examples

Three Gorges Dam Brochure free essay sample

In his book â€Å"The International Development of China† in 1919. In it he wrote that a dam that could manage to produce 30 million horsepower (22,371 V) worth of electricity was conceivable downstream the Three Gorges Mountains. The River on which it would be built was the Yangtze River is the third largest river in the world at 3,837 Miles long, behind the Nile and Amazon Rivers. In 1932 the nationalist government led by Chiang Kai-Shek began the first round of work on the Three Gorges Dam. In 1939, the Japanese forces took control over Yichang and occupied. With the fear of the Japanese advance a designed entitled the â€Å"Otani Plan† was completed. Sun Yat-Sen The dam’s construction was stalled until 1944 when the chief designer of the United States Bureau of Reclamation John L. Savage scouted the area and devised a scheme for what they called the â€Å"Yangtze River Project†. As a result 54 Chinese engineers went to the United States for training in 1944. We will write a custom essay sample on Three Gorges Dam Brochure or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A lot of economic, survey and environmental study was taken out in the following years concerning the construction of the Three Gorges Dam. In 1947 however at the height of the Chinese Civil War work was once again abandoned at the site. Sun Yat-Sen’s Book A painted depiction of the Chinese Civil War John L. Savage of the U. S. Bureau of Reclamation The Communist Victory In 1949 the Communist Party of China (CPC) led by Mao Zedong won the Chinese Civil War against the Kuomintang Emblem of the (CPC) Mao Zedong (Chinese Nationalist Party). Mao supported the project of the Three Gorges Dam but preferred beginning with the Gezhouba Dam project first. Mao’s introduction of China’s â€Å"Great Leap Forward†, and the Cultural Revolution greatly hampered the progress of the construction of the Three Gorges Dam once again. The Great Leap Forward The Great Leap Forward was a major program undertaken by the People’s Republic of China between 1958 and 1961which consisted of both economic and social campaigns. The plan had many objectives. To begin with, it plotted to use China’s enormous population to move from an agricultural economy to a modern Communist civilization through the collectivization of the farming industry and a hasty process of industrialization. The campaign was based on a hypothesis known as the Theory of the Productive Forces. Reforms included the mandatory process of collectivization (farming being taken out as a joint venture by the people) and the banning of private farming. This policy was enforced on the rural people through social pressure. Propaganda Posters that were popularly displayed all over China during the â€Å"Great Leap Forward† Era. They display a picture of Success and progress contrary to the true results (1958-1961). Mao was informed beforehand of the ominous possibility of a disaster due to grain shortages but instead sped up the campaign. This would prove to be a great disaster and lead to the Great Chinese Famine, eventually more than 15 million and possibly 26 million people would die of starvation between 1959 and 1961. The â€Å"Great Leap Forward† was officially abandoned in late 1961. The Cultural Revolution The Cultural Revolution was Mao Zedong’s attempt to regain prominence fter his marginalization in early 1962, due to the failure of the â€Å"Great Leap Forward†. The Revolution was a socio-political movement which took place between 1966 and 1976. The goal of the movement was to impose socialism in China through the removal of capitalist, traditional and cultural elements of Chinese society and the impose Maoism within the Propaganda Poster for the Cultural Revolution Communist Party of China. Mao suspected that burgeois elements were infiltrating the Government and Chinese society and were trying to re-establish Capitalism in China. Mao suggested that the only way to remove these elements was through a violent class struggle. The Chinese youth, inspired by Mao’s declaration and ideology formed Red Guard groups across the country. The movement eventually quickly spread into the military, middle-class urban workers and even the Communist leadership itself. People from all walks of life from senior officials to teachers were purged as they were accused of being anti-Socialist. Some officials who were purged would even form China’s next Government and included Deng Xiaoping and Liu Shaoqi. Propaganda Posters during the â€Å"Cultural Revolutionâ€Å" Era. This period consisted of an immense personality cult for Mao and the promotion of his infamous â€Å"Little Red Book† (1966-1976) During the Cultural Revolution Mao’s personality cult grew greatly, often to immense proportions. The Cultural Revolution greatly impacted on China’s economy and social fabric. Persecution became commonplace and millions suffered in the violent struggles that took place across the country. Many abuses were committed including torture, rape, imprisonment, harassment and seizure of property. A massive segment of the Chinese population was displaced, either by fear or force. The most notable manner however was when youths were transferred all around the country. Historic monuments and artifacts were destroyed or damaged. Religious and cultural sites were ransacked. After Mao Mao would officially call an end to the campaign in 1969, but it would still continue until 1971. Mao Zedong would die later 5 years later on September 9th, 1976. He left a nation traumatized by his loss but also with hunger, poverty and persecution. Both the â€Å"Great Leap Forward† and the Cultural Revolution greatly hampered the construction of the Three Gorges Dam. Both these campaigns would have a long lasting effect on China and diverted much attention away from it’s construction, to more pressing domestic concerns. Back in 1956 however, Mao Zedong, as a response to floods on the Yangtze two years earlier, had written and published a poem which he called â€Å"swimming†. In the poem he described his interest in a dam on the Yangtze River. In the summer of 1957 Mao Zedong initiated the Hundred Flowers Campaign. The Campaign consisted of letting other ideas and solutions â€Å"bloom† in a burst of free speech to the Chinese people. However this campaign was short lived and lasted barely six weeks. Many engineers however during this time had spoken out against the idea of building a dam, but were subsequently imprisoned after the campaign ended. A Propoganda Poster for the â€Å"One Hundred Flowers Camapign, 1957. Top: Mao’s â€Å"Swimmingâ€Å" Poem Mao Zedong in his Mausoleum Bottom Right:Time Magazine’s issue for Mao’s Death,1976. The Comeback The Three Gorges Dam reappeared as a topic in the 1980’s. The National People’s Congress (NPC), the highest and only legislative structure in China, voted in 1992 in favor of the dam. Out of a total of 2,633 delegates, 1,767 voted in support of the dam, while 177 voted against, a further 664 forfeited the vote and 25 abstained. On December 14th, 1994 the dam’s construction began. The initial date that was expected for completion and full operation was mid 2009, however the many other components of the dam including the underground power plant to process the energy produced is expected to delay the date of completion and operation to 2011. The Ship lift area of the dam is predicted to be completed by the year 2014. The Hall Where the Construction for the Dam was approved in The Great Hall of the people, the meeting place for the NPC Map marking the location of the Three Gorges Dam Panorama of the Three Gorges Dam The Three Gorges Dam Specifications The Three Gorges Dam is made primarily of concrete   and is 2,335  m (7,661  ft) long, with the level of the dam being 185 metres (607  ft) above sea level. The Three Gorges Dam used 27,200,000 cubic metres (35,600,000 cu  yd) of concrete, 463,000  tonnes  of steel, and moved about 102,600,000 cubic metres (134,200,000 cu yd) of earth. The reservoir the dam has created is about 660 kilometres (410  mi) in length and 1. 2 kilometres (0. 70  mi) in width. It contains 39. 3  km3  (31,900,000 acre/feet) of water and has a total surface area of 1,045  km?. On completion, the reservoir flooded a total area of 632  km? of land. Power Generating Capacity The Three Gorges Dam is by far the world’s largest Hydroelectric dam. It boasts 29 700 MW turbines and a total capacity of 20,300 MW. By the time of completion it will have 32 generators with a 50 MW power generating capacity each, which will make for a grand total of 22,500 MW. The annual total amount of electricity production is anticipated to be well over 100 TWh’s. The Three Gorges Dam was constructed for five main reasons. First of all because of China’s ever ballooning population, the Chinese Authorities, with rising demand, simply needed a project that would provide electricity to cope with increased requiremets. Secondly, the Yangtze River was notorious for it’s floods which are thought to have killed more than 1 million people. The Yangtze also ran along major Chinese cities like Wuhan, Shanghai, and Chonqing. Because of this the Chinese needed a means to tame the river and control its behavior. Thirdly, the reservoir that the dam would create could provide the precedent to build an efficient irrigation system for the farms in the area. Fourthly, the area of Hubei province, where the dam was built, needed a water treating facility to cope with increased demand for freshwater. Finally the Yangtze River needed a ship dock to deal with the increased ship traffic.

The Impact of the Expansion of Islam in North and West Africa essays

The Impact of the Expansion of Islam in North and West Africa essays The Islamization of Africa started around the seventh century with the military conquests in Egypt led by Arabic armies and spread over the western part of the continent during the next five hundred years, reaching Morocco. Islam brought major changes at all levels of society in North and West Africa, at first, and to the the rest of the continent along the centuries, till today. Christian Egypt was the first country that knew islamization, after the death of Mohammad, around 639 C E, through the Arab armies and also through the Arab merchants that brought along scholars. These were wise men that taught the newly conquered people the Arab language and also gave advice to their leaders. They needed guidance in economic and political related matters and the Arabs came with their knowledge and organization due to the new faith that also established new rules and forms of governing. The faith of Islam was successful in conquering the people in Egypt and further, during the next five centuries, in Maghreb because it was not just a new religion intended to replace these populations beliefs but it came with new sets of rules and political knowledge. The followers of Mohammed were united by a faith that sought justice and unity for its faithful and it appealed to the people of North and West Africa by the way it applied to everyday life and its practicality. Some authors think that the fact that it permitted men to have more than a wife, unlike the Christian religion, might also have been considered more appealing to the nomadic tribes in the Western parts of Africa. The Arabs had the advantage of not merely imposing their own new religion to the newly conquered territories, but also of bringing with them a set of rules and a system that helped them teach through their scholars and clerics the rules that guided their own home society and proved successful in organizing them and bringing them together. Mohammed was aware ...

Using Historic Context in Analysis and Interpretation

Using Historic Context in Analysis and Interpretation Historical context is an important part of life and literature and without it, memories, stories, and characters have less meaning. What exactly is historical context? Its essentially  the details that surround an occurrence. In more technical terms, historical context refers to the social, religious, economic, and political conditions that existed during a certain time and place. Basically, its all the details of the time and place in which a situation occurs, and those details are what enable us to interpret and analyze works or events of the past, or even the future, rather than merely judge them by contemporary standards. In literature, a strong understanding of the historical context behind a works creation can give us a better understanding of and appreciation for the narrative. In analyzing historical events, context can help us understand what motivates people to behave as they did. Put another way, context is what gives meaning to the details. Its important, however, that you dont confuse context with cause. Cause is the action that creates an outcome; context is the environment in which that action and outcome occur.   Words and Deeds Whether dealing with fact or fiction, historical context is important when interpreting behavior and speech. Consider the following sentence which, devoid of context, sounds innocent enough: Sally hid her hands behind her back and crossed her fingers before she answered. But imagine that this statement comes from a transcript of court documents in Salem, Mass., in 1692, during the famed Salem Witch Trials. Religious fervor was at an extreme, and villagers were nearly obsessed with the devil and witchcraft. At that time, if a young woman were to tell a lie, it was fodder for hysteria and a violent reaction. A reader would assume that poor Sally was a candidate for the gallows. Now, imagine youre reading a letter from a mother that contains this sentence: My daughter will be heading to California shortly after she marries. How much information does this statement give us? Not much, until we consider when it was written. Should we discover that the letter was written in 1849, we will realize that one sentence can sometimes say a lot. A young woman heading for California in 1849 might be following her husband on a treacherous treasure-seeking expedition for the gold rush. This mother would probably be quite fearful for her child, and she would know that it would be a very long time before shed see her daughter again, if ever.   Bettmann/Getty Images Historical Context in Literature   No work of literature can be fully appreciated or understood without historical context. What may seem nonsensical or even offensive to contemporary sensibilities, might actually  be interpreted in a completely different manner by considering the era it is from. A good example is Mark Twains  Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, published in 1885. It is considered an enduring work of American literature and a biting social satire. But it is also criticized by modern critics for its casual use of a racial epithet to describe Hucks friend Jim, an escaped slave. Such language is shocking and offensive to many readers today, but in the context of the day, it was​ the commonplace language for many. Back in the mid-1880s, when attitudes toward the newly liberated African-American slaves were often indifferent at best and hostile at worst, the casual use of such racial epithets wouldnt have been considered unusual. In fact, what is actually more surprising, given the historical context of when the novel was written, is Hucks treating Jim not as his inferior but as his equal- something rarely portrayed in the literature of the time. Similarly, Mary Shelleys Frankenstein  cannot be fully appreciated by a reader who is unaware of the Romantic movement that took place in art and literature in the early 19th century. It was a time of rapid social and political upheaval in Europe when lives were transformed by the technological disruptions of the Industrial Age.   The Romantics captured the publics sense of isolation and fear that many experienced as a result of these social changes. Frankenstein becomes more than a good monster story, it becomes an allegory for how technology can destroy us.   Other Uses of Historical Context Scholars and educators rely on historical context to analyze and interpret works of art, literature, music, dance, and poetry. Architects and builders rely on it when designing new structures and restoring existing buildings. Judges may use it to interpret the law, historians to understand the past. Any time critical analysis is required, you may need to consider historical context as well. Without historical context, we are only seeing a piece of the scene and not fully understanding the influence of the time and place in which a situation occurred.

Unclear Energy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unclear Energy - Assignment Example The geographical location of Jordan makes it hard to use water as a coolant and therefore need to find other means of cooling the reactors. The other difference is the availability of the relevant personnel to run the nuclear plants. Sophisticated and technical knowledge is required to manage a nuclear plant ensuring safety and efficiency. The use of nuclear energy in America started back in the 1940s, and therefore enough plans are set up to ensure enough individuals are trained for this job. Jordan is facing a challenge of personnel to operate the machines and maintain the nuclear power plants as it is something that has never been used before in this country. Environmental impact of the nuclear plants is the other difference. Nuclear energy production releases minimal amounts of greenhouse gases to the environment. However, the waste products from nuclear reactors contain radioactive elements that are harmful to human. Proper engineering techniques should be used and far away from human settlement. America has land that can be used for this while Jordan has limited land capacity and hence disposal of these wastes would be a problem. Also, Jordan still uses fuels and oil as a source of energy that highly contributes to the emission of greenhouse gases (Armaroli, 2013). Students contribution is highly required for the establishment of solutions on challenges faced in the energy sector. The first research on other cooling techniques to be used in nuclear plants located in areas where there is scarcity of water. The other is acquiring knowledge regarding operation and maintenance of nuclear power plants s it is a challenge faced in Jordan and other countries. The third is research and advice of disposal techniques of the radioactive wastes so as not to endanger human beings. The use of nuclear energy in America started a long time ago and therefore there is a big difference between the

Answer 3 questions about art museums Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Answer 3 questions about art museums - Essay Example The museum shop reminds patrons that the art works they are seeing are displayed by an organization that is reliant on funding and profit. This is a significant realization as it necessitates that the museum be considered with the same analytical lens as one would apply to traditional businesses. This has implications for nearly all decision-making in the institution. Another question is whether artists should strive to make art that resists being commercial. In these regards, it seems that there is nothing inherently wrong with being commercial, or using a commercial aesthetic. Artists that specifically attempt to cultivate commercial values, however, are witnessed as suspect compared to artists that more naturally and authentically produce their art. The notion that art can be produced naturally, or rather can be produced ‘natural’ and ‘authentically,’ however, is not entirely understood as even being

Psychological Research Report on Perception Essay -- essays research p

ABSTRACT People are thought to be able to mentally rotate an object so as to be able to imagine it in a different orientation. In this experiment partcipants were presented with two three dimensional objects. Some of the pairs of objects where the same object and some of them where different objects. Partcipants were asked to identify whether the second object was the same as the first one in the pair, even though it was shown as being rotated around a set angle, or if it was a completely different object. The reaction time of the partcipant’s was found to be directly related to the degree of the angle of which the object was rotated. METHODS Participants A total of 11 subject participated in this experiment. These participants were from colleges and universities around the world. There was no personal information collected in this experiment such as sex or age or background. The only information gathered was the reaction time data. Participants in this experiment where informed about the nature of this experiment and asked to consent to participate in it. Materials This experiment was conducted over a computer terminal. Participants where presented with pairs of three dimensional objects. These objects consisted of 16 basic objects each presented in 4 different perspectives each adding up to a total of 64 separate presentations. Half of the object pairs presented where of identical objects but where one of the objects where rotated to a specified degree which were identified as same objects. The other half of the pairs presented where of objects that where mirror images of each other and also rotated around a given angle which where identified as different objects. Design and Procedure This experiment was... ...t are consistent with other experiments involving the mental rotation of objects in that in all of these experiments the time which it takes the participants to make a decision linearly increases with the angle of rotation. These results show that the processes of the mind are consistent with the geometric constraints of the real world. The greater the difference in the orientation of an object in reality is equivalent to the difference in the time it takes for a person to identify that object. This is obviously very helpful in the real world where objects can be imagined to be rotated and used as in the example of a dog which would turn a stick around so as to be able to fit it through a hole. It has been proposed that this ability to imagine objects in different orientations has evolved according to the rules governing physics and geometry in the real world.

Media Policy

The issue of coming out versus staying in the closet is one that has the potential to provide a news media organization with a large amount of readership or viewer-ship because of the still novel aspect of the situation. America is quickly becoming a more liberal society, yet the conservatism within the country is still high. While many people have pushed the envelope of conservatism, still a lot struggle with the idea of challenging traditions because of the many consequences that attend such a decision.The idea of being homosexual (gay or lesbian) within American society still carries with it a stigma that many try to avoid. The main reasons for the avoidance of this stigma are the attention that such a lifestyle will bring to those who live it and the possibility of overt protest against such a lifestyle by activist or religious groups. Therefore, the â€Å"coming out† of a homosexual provides news that the public is highly interested in, and the developments that often fol low such a declaration are also highly news worthy. Since it is the business of this media house to provide information to the public that it finds interesting and seminal, it is therefore the policy of this organization to aim to be the first at announcing the â€Å"coming out† of individual homosexuals.The information regarding the lifestyles in which people choose to engage is often considered by critics of the media as personal and not as the business of the public. However, the American public has consistently identified what it considers its own business through its attention to the details of the lives of many individuals. In fact, the public has demonstrated its commitment to learning such news through its active awareness of televised news programs, feature stories on the internet, and its paid subscription to print media of varying levels of credibility.Unlike some media houses of lower credibility status, this media house is dedicated to providing the truth about t he lives of any individual labeled as coming out of the homosexual closet. This media house takes this type of claim very seriously and is held to a high level of integrity in providing proofs of any claims made to such effect. In this way, the curiosity and concern of the public regarding such matters will be satisfied not with lies and fabrications, but with factual accounts of very real and troubling issues.The media as an industry is not just a group of organizations that provide an update or commentary on the things that take place in our society. Rather, its role encompasses that of creating cultural artifacts and historical records of the socio-cultural metamorphosis of a particular society over time (Gauntlett 115-6).Without this record, anthropologists who study a given era are at a loss when trying to compile an accurate account of the cultural practices within a given society. Homosexuality is an integral part of the social practices of many Americans today, and fear or a n inordinate level of concern for privacy often pushes people into a mode of overprotection of such lifestyles. The role of the media is to effectively uncover such practices by aiding these persons in making their lifestyles and sexual preferences known to the public and therefore to posterity.Statistical considerations also prompt the media to engage in practices that â€Å"out† homosexuals who would otherwise remain hidden. Many reasons exist why statistical bodies seek out demographical data that will give the percentage of homosexuals within a given district or in the country itself. Such measures as the creative capital level of a town use data concerning the gay population as integral factors for calculation (Florida, 41).Such measures help gauge the tolerance level of certain regions, cities, or towns. In fact, it is often in the interest of even the homosexuals themselves to come out, as it increases the confidence level of others like themselves who want to live the ir lives out in the open and refrain from hiding. Yet, homosexuals who decide to keep their lifestyles in the closet succeed only in skewing the statistical data, resulting in the underestimation of the level of homosexual practice in a given region. This media house is committed to playing a role in this by encouraging, prompting, or otherwise effecting the open acknowledgement of the true level of homosexuality within a given area.The role of the media as an announcer of the coming out of certain homosexuals is one that succeeds also in helping such persons to liberate themselves from a confining public image that, in effect, adversely affects their lifestyle. Homosexuals who remain in the closet tend to have unnecessary burdens placed upon them, which the media should consider its humanitarian duty to remove. Such persons are unable to proclaim their love in the open.They are unable publicly to perform simple actions, such as holding hands or kissing, which demonstrate their feel ings toward their significant other. It is often the case that such persons want desperately to rid themselves of these confinements and reveal their sexual preferences to the world. However, they lack the courage or the nerve to stand up and make the declaration themselves. The media therefore provides a service to many of these persons by performing the unsavory act of â€Å"coming out† for them, so that they may begin their enjoyment of life openly professing and living what they indeed are in private.The media also plays a role that publicizes the lifestyle of homosexuals far beyond the borders of influence than they themselves would have been able to proclaim it. Public knowledge of the true proportion of the population that desires such a lifestyle provides in turn an impetus for changes in the legal structure of society that would facilitate such lifestyles. In other words, if enough homosexuals step forward and â€Å"come out,† they may even get the legal recog nition they desire.The media therefore facilitates not just the open lifestyle of such persons, but also justification and recognition of such a lifestyle so that they may be more able to live fulfilling life that contains all the accessories that make life fulfilling for heterosexuals. The role of the media in helping these persons come out will broadcast the view that such a lifestyle is legitimate. This is likely to prompt legislation that will allow such persons to marry, adopt children, and perform other partnership roles once available only to heterosexuals (Vargo, 114).Critics of the media are likely to cite the observation that the publicizing of lifestyle practices of homosexual should be left to their discretion. However, it is often the discretion of these persons that lead to the media finding out about their lifestyles in the first place. Furthermore, the media is also involved in publicizing romantic details about the lives of heterosexuals—mainly those persons such as public servants and entertainment personalities who live a large portion of their lives in the limelight.Since such stories are the domain of the media, then other very similar stories involving the coming out of homosexuals are also considered to lie within the jurisdiction of the media. It is often the case that people are opposed to things only when they affect them personally, and this double standard ought to be avoided. Since a large proportion of Americans show themselves interested enough in this type of material to purchase magazines, then the media should consider it a duty to provide that material.It should be considered the perpetual policy of the media to continue to provide information to the public regarding the sexual status of the individuals who live within its domain. The efforts made by the media to out these personalities are beneficial not only to the individuals themselves, but to anthropologists and sociologists of posterity who may seek to understand the socio-cultural practices of persons of this era.The actions of the media concerning the state of homosexuality in a given area are also beneficial to historians, who are likely to consult the media as cultural artifacts that give insight into the synchronic and diachronic development of certain occurrences of note in a given time. The media should be active in publicizing the coming out of homosexuals because of its role in informing the public and in legitimizing the homosexual lifestyle in a manner that is likely to lead up to the legalization of activities that occur in connection with it.Work CitedFlorida, Richard. The Rise of the Creative Class: and How It’s Transforming Work, Leisure,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Community and Everyday Life. Cambridge: Basic Books, 2002.Gauntlett, David. Media, Gender and Identity: An Introduction. New York: Routledge, 2002.Vargo, Marc E. Acts of Disclosure: The Coming Out Process of Contemporary Gay Men.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Birmingham: Haworth Press, 1998.

Is Neuropsychiatric Disorders Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

The foremost disease category in the US is neuropsychiatric disorders, with 25% of citizens 18 years and older suffering from a diagnosable mental illness (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011; National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), 2010). These mental disorders are broken into 5 axes and 17 DSM groups by the DSM-IV and include groupings such as developmental disorders, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, mood disorders, etc. (American Psychological Association, 2013). Within the spectrum of mental disorders lies the anxiety disorder Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). PTSD develops following exposure to a frightening event or situation in which there was a great risk of severe harm (NIMH, 2016). These events are exceedingly broad, but most often include accidents, natural disasters, violent assaults, and military combat. Currently, 70% of US adults have experienced a traumatic event, with an estimated 20% going on to develop PTSD (PTSD United, 2013). While these statistics are very much concerning, the prevalence of PTSD in current and past military personnel is found to be greater because of an increased inability to navigate through the social and structural pressures of society after returning home. Studies have found PTSD rates of 6% soon after returning, and up to 31% a year after returning from deployment. In addition, a review of PTSD studies in male and female Iraqi deployed troops have found PTSD rates of 5-20% for those not seeking treatment,Show MoreRelatedBefivfbowbofboip11296 Words   |  6 Pagesthe â€Å"Karen† intake. If I were to go back and complete an assessment with her, I would most definitely cover this topic in further detail, specifically with her traumatic event with her own personal experience with her car accident as well as losing her father to a car accident. 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